Based on Law no. 8 of 1999 concerning consumer protection, every producer is required to provide clear, accurate, and non-misleading information about the products they market. In this case, producers of ready-to-drink beverages are required to list the sugar, salt, and fat content in ready-to-drink beverages. The goal is for consumers to obtain sufficient information to make the right decisions regarding their health. Some relevant articles in the UUPK are:

Article 4: Consumers have the right to correct, clear and honest information regarding the condition and guarantee of goods or services.

Article 7: Business actors are required to provide correct, clear and honest information regarding the products traded.

Article 8 paragraph (1): It is prohibited to produce services or trade goods that do not comply with the standards required by statutory regulations.

Based on BPOM regulations, sugar, salt and fat content must be clearly stated on the product, especially for products that are marketed in mass and ready to consume. If this information is not stated, consumers are at risk of consuming the product without knowing the potential health impacts. In addition, BPOM also regulates food safety standards that ensure that products circulating in the market meet technical and safety requirements, so as not to endanger consumers.[6] If a company does not comply with these regulations, BPOM has the authority to impose sanctions, ranging from warnings to withdrawing products from the market. As a form of consumer protection, the government also encourages manufacturers to include information that is easy for consumers to understand. In recent years, there has been a strong push for the use of clearer and standardized nutrition labels, such as pictogram nutrition labels or labels with symbols that indicate excessive content (sugar, salt, and fat) in a product. This is part of the government's efforts to make it easier for consumers to understand nutritional information without having to understand technical language or complicated nutritional terms. Based on the Ministry of Health, through various programs such as balanced nutrition and non-communicable disease prevention actions (PTM), it seeks to increase consumer understanding of the importance of avoiding excessive consumption of products that are high in sugar, salt and fat. The government is also trying to create healthy eating standards and encourage people to pay more attention to their diet.[7]

Based on an interview on Thursday, November 21, 2024, according to Miftahul Fiqri as the supervisor of Tokio Coffee Lab, he explained that his outlet has been operating for approximately 3 (three) years. In carrying out his duties as a coffee supervisor, he explained that there is always supervision from the supervisor which is carried out every week, but there has been no guidance and direct supervision from the Health Service regarding PMK no. 63 of 2015, and there has been no direct direction from the owner of the coffee. Regarding the inclusion of sugar, salt and fat content in ready-to-drink drinks. Although until now there has been no direction regarding this matter, Tokio Coffee Lab continues to maintain the safety and security of its consumers in consuming its drinks by providing a choice of sugar levels that can be chosen by consumers. He explained that with this sugar level, he hopes that consumers will still feel safe in consuming their drinks.

However, if there are consumers who object to the non-listing of sugar, salt, and fat content in the products sold, then they will take responsibility by accommodating consumer suggestions and input to be submitted to the owner of Tokio Coffee Lab. Based on an interview on Saturday, January 11, 2025, according to Muh Nurfadly P as the supervisor of Nomena Coffee who has been selling since 2021. Nomena Coffee is supervised directly by the owner. He said that until now the health office has never supervised and provided guidance to Nomena Coffee regarding PMK no. 63 of 2015 and the owner of Nomena Coffee has never given directions regarding the inclusion of sugar, salt and fat content in the beverage products they sell. According to him, the inclusion of sugar, salt, and fat content is important for consumers so that they know the limits of their consumption. If there are consumers who object to the non-listing of sugar, salt and fat content in ready-to-drink beverage products, then he will accommodate consumer suggestions to be forwarded to the owner of Nomena coffee and provide direction to consumers to contact the owner of Nomena coffee directly through Nomena's Instagram to provide input or report things that they feel are objectionable. If there are consumers who object to the non-listing of sugar, salt and fat content in ready-to-drink beverages, then he will accommodate all consumer suggestions and will convey them to the owner of Nomena coffee for consideration.[8]

The failure to implement PMK no. 63 of 2015 by business actors means that business actors are violating PMK no. 63 of 2015, article paragraph (1) and (2) which regulates: "every person who produces ready-to-eat food containing SUGAR, SALT and/or FAT is required to provide information on the SUGAR, SALT and FAT content as well as health messages through information and promotion media. Ready-to-eat food as referred to in paragraph (1) produced by a franchise business in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations that have more than 250 (two hundred and fifty) outlets."[9]

The regulation was enacted in 2015 with the provision that processed food products and ready-to-eat food must comply with the provisions of this Minister of Health regulation within a maximum of 4 (four) years since this regulation was enacted. This means that the regulation has been mandatory for business actors who produce processed food and ready-to-eat food since 2019. The losses experienced by consumers by business actors are also related to Article 1365 of the Civil Code, that every act that violates the law and causes loss to others, requires the person who caused the loss due to his mistake to replace the loss. The responsibility of a business actor is very large to protect consumers from unwanted things. Based on the theory of absolute responsibility, business actors must be responsible for this. In Article 4 paragraph (3) of the Consumer Protection Law, consumers have the right to correct, clear and honest information regarding the conditions of the guarantee of goods and/or services. Business actors are also obliged to provide correct, clear and honest information regarding the conditions and guarantees of goods and/or services as regulated in Article 7 paragraph (2) of the Consumer Protection Law.[10]

To realize a healthy economy, there needs to be balance and harmony between consumers and business actors. In this case, the government guarantees legal certainty to provide consumer protection. Consumer protection aims to protect consumers from losses due to goods and/or services by business actors.[11] The government has an obligation to provide guidance and supervision to business actors. The government's responsibility in providing guidance on the implementation of consumer protection is intended to empower consumers to obtain their rights, while the government's responsibility in supervising the implementation of consumer protection is also an important part of efforts to build positive and dynamic business activities, so that consumer rights can still be considered by business actors.[12]

Several government tasks in carrying out such guidance have been outlined in government regulation (PP) no. 58 of 2001 concerning guidance and supervision of the implementation of consumer protection. Article 4 of PP No. 58 of 2001 stipulates that in order to create a business climate and foster healthy relations between business actors and consumers, the minister coordinates the implementation of consumer protection with the relevant technical ministers.[13] LPKSM is a non-governmental institution that has activities to protect consumers. The government should pay more attention to the human resources of LPKSM managers by providing sufficient education, training, and skills so that LPKSM can become a forum for providing consumer protection, increasing awareness of rights and obligations to avoid things that can harm consumers. In addition to providing guidance on the implementation of consumer protection, the government also has responsibility for the implementation of consumer protection in the form of supervision.[14]

In PMK no. 63 of 2015, it is regulated regarding the guidance and supervision of processed food and ready-to-eat food. Guidance is carried out by the minister, the head of the provincial and/or district/city health office according to their respective functions and can also involve related institutions and associations. Meanwhile, supervision of ready-to-eat food is carried out by the head of the provincial/district/city health office according to their respective functions. The health office is a regional apparatus that is an element of implementing government affairs in the health sector which is the authority of the region. The provincial/district/city health office has a typology according to the population, area, and amount of its respective regional revenue budget (APBD).[15]