One of common problems​ happens in some regions in Indonesia , namely same level . Same level or another term for gather where is the buffalo is action stay together by men and women who don't bound in legitimate marriage . Or in short is life together like husband wife outside marriage . [7]

That matter No off from attention which society is the same leven ( gather) buffalo ) still occurs in various areas in Indonesia, including Bugis, show existence violation law criminal customs that apply in society local , as listed​ in Article 18B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia states , "The state recognizes and respects Unity public law custom along with rights traditional throughout Still alive and well with development public as well as the principles of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI), which are regulated in Constitution ".

In law customs in Bugis until moment this , the people in life everyday Still Lots bound by a system of norms and rules its customs , which are sacred as well as sacred , where all in all That called The Commander​ consists of of 5 (five) principles namely : [7]

Ade, in everyday language interpreted with law or custom habit .

Talk , namely system law or the ins and outs beluk problem justice and enforcement law in a broad sense .

Rapang , namely parable , custom society and provisions or rules applicable law​ in life in society and the state , both those who can in the form of determination together ( assmaturuseng ) or juridprudence .

Wari, namely coating social or genealogy descendants .

Sara, that is related elements​ with Sharia Islam .

In law Bugis customs , concept Pangadareng which consists of Of the five principles , Ade , Bicara , Rapang , Wari, and Sara have role important in arrange order social and life in society . The perpetrator same leven ( alive together without bond marriage ) is considered violate principles custom This Because contradictory with upheld norms and values high by the Bugis community . The perpetrators same level violate Ade because wedding viewed as sacred things regulated by law​​ Customs . Life together without formal marriage is considered contradictory with custom custom , which requires the existence of a legitimate process in a way custom For confess connection between men and women . With violate Ade, they damage order social and neglect values respected by Bugis society .

In the elements Talk , violation same level can brought to realm law custom If There is the party who feels disadvantaged or If look at need existence enforcement justice . Through Talk , the perpetrator same level Can charged sanctions custom Because considered to smear honor families and indigenous communities. This process aiming restore balance socially disturbed​ consequence action said . Rapang was also violated Because law Bugis customs have example past cases that become​ reference in handle violation . With referring to the decision custom previously , action same level rated as violation serious ever​ get punishment certain . Because of that that , behavior This contradictory with principle Rapang who guards continuity law custom .

In addition , violations against Wari happened Because connection without wedding official damage order social and tarnish the good name family . Lineage in Bugis culture is closely guarded , and descendants are born from connection same level considered No own clarity of legal status . As a result , the family perpetrator Can facing a debilitating social stigma position they in structure social custom .

Lastly , the related Sara element with Islamic law is also violated , because Islam requires wedding as the only one road legitimate For build connection between men and women . With violates Sara, the perpetrator same level No only contradictory with custom but also religious law , so the more strengthen view negative public to behavior The fifth . element This braided as One unity organic in natural thoughts , feelings and identity social the so -called society with series .

The meaning of " siri " in Bugis society is very like that means until There is A proverb bugis which says "SIRI PARENRENG, NYAWA PA LAO", which means : " If price self has torn , then life lah the payment ”. From here meaning series so tall until in public bugis , lost price self somebody only can returned with payment life by si party against even the person concerned even though . And Siri' when translated as feeling Embarrassed if do disgraceful actions and attempts​ For still guard attitude so as not to cause low price self somebody .

The Series of Things in a way lafdzhiyah Siri' means : Shame ( price) self ), while Pacce or in Language Bugis called Pesse which means : painful / spicy ( hard , strong) establishment ). So Pacce means kind of intelligence emotional For participate feel pain or trouble other individuals in community ( solidarity and empathy ).

The word Siri', in Makassar or Bugis, means " ashamed ". While Pacce (Bugis: Pesse) can means " no" cruel ” or “ pity ” or “ compassion ”. The structure of Siri' in Bugis or Makassar culture exists four categories , namely : [8]

Siri' Ripakasiri ', is the Siri' related with price self personal , as well as price self or dignity and honor family . Siri' type This is something taboo and forbidden For violated Because the stakes is life .

Siri' Mappakasiri'siri ', Siri' type This relate with ethos Work . In Bugis philosophy it is stated , " Narekko darling your siri , your siri siri '.” It means , if you have no shame so borrow it to those who are still have a sense of shame (Siri'). Likewise , vice versa , " Narekko English: siri'mu , aja ' mumapakasiri'- siri .” This means , if you have shame so Don't make embarrassed ( embarrassing ).

Siri' Tappela ' Siri (Bugis Teddeng Siri '), means shame somebody That lost " disturbed " because something thing . For example , when someone have debt and have promise For pay it so the the debtor​ try as strong as power For keep his promise or pay his debt as the time that has passed determined ( agreed ). When it arrives the time that has passed determined , if in debt it turns out No keep his promise , that It means he has to embarrass himself Alone .

Siri' Mate Siri', Siri” the one relate with faith . In the view of the Bugis/Makassar people, a person who has a siri marriage is the person inside himself Already No there is a little shame ( faith ) . People like This what else can I do will Once feel embarrassed , or the usual called as corpse living life .​

In order to complete fourth the structure of the Siri' so Pacce or Pesse occupies One place , so that to form a known culture ( character ) with the term Siri' Na Pacce .

Where when action same level violate mark series ' on pace as runway in return price self that has been violated consequence action this . [9] And where Bugis Makassar society holds firm mark from series ' on pace in his life from Formerly until now . Siri' Interpreted as encouragement For meaning to destroy other people when there is something smeared dignity himself and his family , then life is instead .

understanding series ' which has tried lifted from a number of expression lontara ' itself , shows that siri ' is nothing other than a consequences . [10]

Gather buffalo or same level known with designation ; cohabitation, ; living in non -motrimonial union, [7] has cause a anxiety for public Because considered as a deviant act​ from existing values​ in the society , " Deeds same level considered as a an act that is not appropriate and inappropriate Correct For done as well as contradictory with the morals of Indonesian society .” Related with matter said , it was emphasized that of course action same level is deviant act​ as well as contradictory with mark as well as applicable norms in society . Actions same level considered as one of the from crime , because considered same level can cause a crime new or continued ( factor criminogenic ) such as , abortion , murder baby born​ No wanted and disposal baby as results consequence existence action same level As a result , Lots case same completed level​ brutally and taking the law into their own hands ( eigenrechting ) by the people who found it case this is in place they live and settle . [11]

Then If Already happen action same level No close possibility will bring up consequence from action same level said , the act same level will result bad and loss moreover for race women , [11] and deeds same level in perspective Bugis society has impact significant social , especially​ when viewed through lens values series ' on pace , because as is known Bugis society upholds tall series ' on pace ( price) self ), some impact social that can arise when happen violation in customs , namely : [12]

Social Stigma : Individuals who violate Siri 's value Pacce often considered​ No immoral and get a negative stigma from public .

Tension Interindividual or Group : Violation against Siri' na Pacce can cause tension that leads to conflict physique or verbally to restore the honor that is considered tarnished .

Good in public custom and public general , violation to moral values and social norms , such as Siri'na Pacce and behavior same leven ( gather) kebo ) , often get a negative social stigma . Some examples of social stigma general is : [13]

Reproach from public

Perpetrator action same leven ( gather) kebo ) is very difficult escape from view as well as evaluation society , things This because of the perpetrators action This usually carry out the action within the scope life public for example House rental , boarding houses , and places lodging , the result reproach to the perpetrator action same leven ( gather) buffalo ) always happened . Reproach public that's what caused it existence attitude feel Embarrassed as well as feel set aside .

Disharmony in Family

Family and home is safe place​ as well as comfortable to someone , but matter That as if No applicable against the perpetrators action same leven ( gather) buffalo ), Where matter the is things to look at No in line with norms and rules Where applies to life in society , so that when someone got do action This confirmed will happen disharmony in his family especially action the until cause pregnancy outside wedding .

The emergence Desire For Do Abortion

Actions same leven ( gather) buffalo ) this acts that are considered despicable Because action This is actions that violate norms and rules that apply to life in society , especially when the act This cause pregnancy outside marriage , to the perpetrators action This must swallow fact bitter in judgment negative given by society .​

Evaluation negative given​ that's what causes the mentality of the perpetrators action same leven ( gather) kebo ) shaken so that when action the cause pregnancy outside a legitimate marriage , then appear desire do abortion or disappearance life baby that When things the done , which of course Where will There is threat punishment criminal Because matter the can categorized as crime .

Unclear Status of Children

Children are a gift given by God. Birth a child is something happiness alone towards parents​ as well as family . But matter the precisely is thing where​ considered as problem where When the child the is results action outside legitimate marriage .​

When the act same leven ( gather) kebo ) causes pregnancy , then child the No have clear biodata or status in a way administration population which ultimately child from results connection the will difficult get access service public .

The result of the child action This later the day will also more potential caught problems in life social , for example in problems osseous the There is words negative as well as actions bullying other .

Early-age marriage

Actions same leven ( gather) buffalo ) is seen as disgraceful acts , especially when committing acts the result in pregnancy outside marriage . Pregnancy outside legitimate marriage​ this is what it is reason from the amount case wedding early in Indonesia.

Where the mentality is not yet formed For homeless stairs , readiness will financial , and completely thinking Not yet mature from perpetrator wedding early this , resulting in wedding the prone to caught will the problem where have a chance the occurrence quarrel in a way continuous , violence in House stairs (domestic violence) that ended divorce .

Health Problems

Actions same leven ( gather) kebo ) this is what causes somebody do wedding early , generally minimal getting education about sexuality . In addition , socialization towards parents and society​ For use tool contraception during intercourse intimate which is also still low result in activity sexual , including in relationships intimate that takes place on the perpetrator wedding early what else is still aged under 18 years will more prone to the risk experience various problem infection infectious sexual for example , syphilis gonorrhea and Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which can causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

Dropout​

As is known school is place We to add knowledge as well as place beginning We make ideals and the future , but when someone do action same level this is what causes pregnancy , then No seldom We meet perpetrator same leven ( gather) kebo ) forced must separated school and sacrificing the future Because own responsibility new that is as parents , even​ No will escape from existence gossip environment around from place his residence . [14]

It is deeply regretted typing action same level like discussion previously , where cause so Lots problem , in fact until moment This Still Not yet Can reached by the rules law national . Actually when we see Again about action same level , then things to do We get is action the is an act that is not in line or actions that are No direct violate Other laws . The laws in question that is :

Constitution Number 16 of 2019 concerning change on Constitution Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage . Marriage is things to be assessed as something holy and sacred . That thing in accordance with Article 1 of Law No. 16 of 2019 concerning change on Law no. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage state that : " Marriage is bond born inner between a man and a woman as husband wife with objective to form family or House the happy and eternal ladder based on Belief in the one and only God." Follow matter Article 2 paragraph (1) of Law no. 16 of 2019 concerning change on Law no. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage that states that : " Marriage is valid , if done according to the laws of each religion and its beliefs That ."

Based on matter the can writer say that when someone namely men and women who do action same level , then matter the is a actions that are No direct to injure or No pay attention order The law aims to as means For arrange life society , which one if matter This Keep going continuously happen will result in existence from marriage that is valued as something holy and sacred​ in accordance with Law no. 16 of 2019 concerning change on Law no. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage will the more eroded . This is supported with data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) stating that in 2023 the number marriages in Indonesia as many as 1,577,255. This figure it turns out decrease as much as 128,000 if compared to with 2022. Meanwhile​ If in One decade final number marriage in Indonesia is declining as much as 28.63 percent . [15]

Constitution Number 24 of 2013 concerning change on Constitution Number 23 of 2006 concerning Administration Population . In Article 1 paragraph (10) of the Law Number 24 of 2013 concerning change on Constitution Number 23 of 2006 concerning Administration Population state that : " Registration Resident is Population biodata recording , recording on reporting Incident Population and data collection Resident prone to Administration Population as well as publishing Document Population in the form of card identity or letter information population .” Following matter mentioned , Article 1 paragraph (11) of the Law Number 24 of 2013 concerning change on Constitution Number 23 of 2006 concerning Administration Population state that : " The event Population is incident experienced​ The population must reported Because bring consequence to publishing or changes to Family Card , Resident Identity Card and/ or letter information population other covering move come , change address , and residence status limited become stay remain .” Based on matter the can writer conclude that when somebody namely , men and women do action same level , then official note taking civil which is officials who do recording incident important , no can publish or emit card family because of No existence deed marriage or marriage book . Not only That only , when action same level result in ectopic pregnancy​ a legitimate marriage , then child from results connection the later will have insufficient status or biodata clearly resulting in child the difficult get access service public . This is can it is said is a actions that are No direct to injure or No pay attention order Purposeful law​​​ as means For arrange life society . Although Law No. 1 of 1946 concerning the Criminal Code No arrange in a way explicit about same level , not means action the can with free carried out throughout areas in Indonesia.