HORIZON PUBLIC LEGAL STUDIES

Handling Case By Investigator To Action Criminal Speech Hatred

Muhammad Ardyanzah — 2025-04-01

The purpose of this research is to identify and explain the enforcement of law against hate speech crimes and to determine the factors influencing hate speech. This study employs an empirical legal research method, which examines various aspects in data collection related to hate speech crimes. The findings of this research indicate that the examination process for perpetrators at the police department differs from other cases. The results show that law enforcement against hate speech crimes at the Makassar City Police Resort is carried out through several stages: report reception, investigation, statement collection, evidence gathering, and suspect determination. Investigators must adhere to applicable legal procedures and regulations. The investigators of the Makassar City Police Resort take preventive measures against hate speech crimes through legal education campaigns, social media monitoring, community cooperation, and reporting services. These actions are conducted based on Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE Law).

Implementation of the Rights of Suspects As Manifestation of the Principle of Presumption of Innocence at the Investigation Level

Andi Zahwa Syaqira — 2025-04-19

This research aims to analyze the implementation of suspects' rights during the investigation process and to identify the challenges encountered in upholding the presumption of innocence principle. The research method employed in this study is an empirical method, consisting of primary data derived from interviews conducted at the Parepare City Police Office and secondary data obtained from document studies, including books, research journals, and legislation relevant to this research. The findings of this study indicate that the investigation process, which is expected to reflect the principle of the presumption of innocence, is often not optimal in practice. Some of the suspects' rights are not fully upheld, such as psychological pressure on the suspects and the right to legal certainty regarding their detention. Several factors influence the examination of suspects that fail to reflect the presumption of innocence principle, categorized into internal and external factors. These factors may compromise the principle in practice. Therefore, better training for investigators, supportive regulations, and a reduction in external pressures are needed to maintain the integrity of a fair legal process.

Legal Review of Action Criminal Exploitation of Street Children at Crossroads in the Name of Beggars

Hairul Kifly Anwar — 2025-04-19

This study aims to determine and analyze the government's prevention and control efforts against criminal acts of exploitation of street children at intersections on behalf of beggars and applicable legal regulations related to criminal acts of exploitation of street children at intersections on behalf of beggars. Empirical legal research method. The results of this study indicate that, ) Knowing and analyzing the applicable legal effort regulations related to the criminal act of exploitation of street children at intersections on behalf of beggars. In accordance with the results of the author's research, the government's prevention and control efforts against criminal acts of exploitation of street children at intersections on behalf of beggars, Knowing and analyzing the government's prevention and control efforts against criminal acts of exploitation of street children at intersections on behalf of beggars. Suggestions from the author for the future, Concrete steps are needed to strengthen local regulations governing the exploitation of street children in Parepare City. The local government needs to immediately establish a specific local regulation to protect street children. In addition, it is important to provide adequate shelter facilities for street children after being disciplined, and improve coordination between institutions such as SATPOL-PP, PKSAI, and social rehabilitation centers to provide more effective reintegration and rehabilitation services.

Legal Analysis of Criminal Responsibility of Revenge Porn Perpetrators in the Protection of Victims' Personal Data

Muhammad Rifqi Adil Nur — 2025-04-19

The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the applicable regulations and legal actions against perpetrators of revenge porn, as well as to examine and analyze the applicable regulations aimed at protecting the victims' personal data in revenge porn cases. This research is an empirical legal study with a legislative and case approach. The data collection techniques used are document study and interviews. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive qualitative methods. The results of the study are: Indonesia currently lacks specific legislation on revenge porn. Legally, perpetrators are penalized for violating laws related to the distribution of pornographic content and the victim's personal data. This study also identifies legal regulations that are used to protect the rights of victims as the harmed party in these cases. However, in practice, psychological rehabilitation of victims has not been well implemented. Rehabilitative resources are minimal, and typically, once a case is closed, victims are left unattended as they are assumed to be safe from further harm. Therefore, there is a need for laws that regulate revenge porn so that victim restitution rights can be properly followed up after a case is closed. The recommendations of this study are:Cases involving revenge porn should be handled with consideration of various factors to determine whether someone is guilty. Thus, there needs to be specific legal regulation regarding revenge porn itself. The handling of such cases often takes a long time, resulting in delayed removal of the victim's information, which may have already been spread widely online. This highlights the importance of having specific legal regulations on this issue, so that the justice and rights of victims can be fully realized.

Legal Protection for Victims of Crime Criminal Fraud Through Social Media

Auliya Yusuf — 2025-04-19

This research aims to analyze the form of legal protection provided to victims. This research also identifies the obstacles faced in implementing legal protection for victims and offers solutions that can be implemented to overcome these obstacles in the process of investigating criminal acts of fraud on social media. This research uses empirical methods that have descriptive and prescriptive qualitative characteristics. Data was obtained through interviews and data collection with law enforcement officials. The process of investigating criminal acts of fraudulent buying and selling transactions on social media in Enrekang is still ineffective. Due to several obstacles that hinder the legal process against perpetrators of criminal acts of fraudulent buying and selling transactions. The recommendations of this research are important so that police investigators and the community can work together better to speed up the investigation process until the determination of the suspect.

Investigation Action Criminal Circulation Cosmetics Illegal

Andi Jessica Ayu Ma'rifa — 2025-04-19

This study aims to find out and explain the process of investigating illegal cosmetics distribution crimes in Makassar and to find out and explain the factors that influence the investigation of illegal cosmetics distribution crimes in Makassar. This study uses an empirical legal method with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were obtained through interviews and data collection with law enforcement officers. The results of this study indicate that the process of investigating illegal cosmetics distribution crimes in Makassar by the South Sulawesi Regional Police is basically carried out in accordance with the provisions of the applicable Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). The factors that hinder the process of investigating illegal cosmetics distribution crimes in Makassar. This research recommendation requires and is important to have a more efficient coordination system between police investigators and BPOM officers to facilitate the investigation process until the determination of suspects

Criminal Law Analysis of Genocide as a Violation of Human Rights in Indonesia

Andi Muh Ismail — 2025-04-19

The aim of this research is to understand and analyze legal regulations relating to genocide as a violation of human rights in Indonesia, both in Article 7 a and Article 8 of Law No. 26 of 2000 concerning Human Rights Courts, the old Criminal Code Regarding Genocide and Article 598 in Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code which relates to genocide regulations. This study uses a normative research type (normative law research) or doctrinal legal research, namely legal research that uses legal material sources or is library research, a study of legal materials. The results of this study indicate that, First, the legal regulations relating to genocide as a violation of human rights in Indonesia, both in Article 7a and Article 8, have a definition of the crime of genocide. However, this article has advantages and disadvantages in interpreting and determining the crime of genocide. Second, actions that fall into the category of genocide in the old Criminal Code are often categorized as general crimes such as premeditated murder, serious abuse, or crimes against humanity. And third, the perpetrators are often only charged with general articles with lighter penalties than if there were special articles for genocide. So this will make the crime of genocide potentially committed by a group of people and result in loss of life throughout Indonesia in the future. Finally, Law No. 1 of 2023 includes genocide crime regulations in Article 598 which specifically regulates the crime of genocide. The suggestions from this study indicate the need for national regulatory officials, especially Article 7a and Article 8 of the Law on Human Rights Courts and Article 598 concerning genocide, to explain more clearly the crime of genocide, both in terms of definition, categorization of the crime of genocide and protection of victims.

Comparative Legal Analysis of the Death Penalty Law

Zarda Alfia Hani — 2025-04-21

This research aims to analyze the regulation of criminal offenses punishable by the death penalty and compare the formulation of the death penalty between the Penal Code under Law Number 1 of 1946 (Dutch Colonial Penal Code) and Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Penal Code (National Penal Code). This study employs a normative legal research method with a statutory approach and a case approach. Legal data were collected through literature studies and analyzed qualitatively. The findings of this research indicate that the regulation of criminal offenses punishable by the death penalty in Indonesia is found in the Penal Code, the Narcotics Law, the Human Rights Law, the Corruption Crime Law, the Human Rights Court Law, and the Law on the Misuse of Firearms and Explosives. Furthermore, a comparison of the death penalty between the Dutch Colonial Penal Code and the National Penal Code of 2023 reveals a shift from the death penalty as a principal punishment to a death sentence with a probationary period and an alternative life imprisonment sentence. The comparison also includes differences in the legal basis, the formulation of the death penalty, the criteria for its application, and the procedures for its execution. This research recommends further studies on severe crimes that have not been explicitly regulated for the application of the death penalty.

Legal Consequences for Perpetrators of Online Fraud Crimes on Electronic Social Media.

Andien Mutiara Zahra — 2025-04-21

This study aims to find out and analyze the legal consequences for perpetrators of online fraud through electronic social media. To find out and analyze legal efforts for victims of online fraud on social media. This study uses an empirical legal research method by focusing on analyzing primary data and secondary data using qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that the legal consequences for perpetrators of online fraud through electronic social media. The application of legal sanctions for perpetrators of online investment fraud has not been expressly regulated in a special law that can provide criminal penalties for perpetrators but is regulated in the Criminal Code Article 372 with a maximum imprisonment of four years or a maximum fine of nine hundred rupiah, and Article 378 with a maximum imprisonment of 4 (four) years. Efforts to provide countermeasures in providing criminal policies are carried out with the criminalization aspect of criminal law, namely by forming special laws to regulate things that are prohibited in this case. Legal action is a solution provided by law to victims whose rights to justice are not fulfilled, as well as providing relief and peace of mind for the criminal acts that befell them. Online Fraud Actions involve the following steps such as Legal Efforts through Litigation, and Legal Efforts through Non-Litigation. This Research Recommendation Should be the Urgency of Making Regulations or Legal Arrangements for Investment or Commonly Called Online Capital Investment Specifically in Order to Provide Criminal Aggravation and Strengthen Criminal Sanctions for Online Fraud Perpetrators for the Purpose of the Law, namely Legal Certainty, Justice and Benefit. The State in Protecting Online Practices Should Make Regulations That Specifically and Firmly Regulate the Aspects of Investment Practices or Online Capital Investment in Order to Achieve Legal Certainty.

A Criminological Review of Online Fraud Crimes

Mohammad Fauzan Rafiqi Amran — 2025-04-21

This research aims to find out and analyze the factors that cause online fraud crimes and to find out and analyze the efforts made by the authorities in dealing with online fraud crimes. This research uses empirical research methods, the types of data used are primary and secondary data, primary data is obtained directly at the research location by means of direct interviews related to the problem being researched with parties who are directly involved with the problem being discussed to obtain research data. Meanwhile, secondary data is obtained from literature such as documents, written sources such as journals, books, legislation and so on which are related to the problem being studied. The results of this research show that the factors that cause online-based fraud crimes are economic factors, environmental factors, socio-cultural factors and intellectual factors. Efforts made by the authorities in overcoming online-based fraud crimes include preventive efforts, repressive efforts, and implementation of the Information and Electronic Transactions Law against cyber crimes. The preventive efforts carried out include providing advice to the public through electronic media and related cyber crimes to be forwarded to the wider community. Repressive efforts include processing every cyber crime case that is handled in accordance with applicable regulations. The research recommends to the police as law enforcement officers that they should not only carry out outreach, but also block sites that are suspected to contain elements of crime and it is hoped that in the future the police will increase supervision over the use of social media by optimizing POLRI PRECISION.

Restitution in Criminal Cases Criminal Violence Sexual Abuse in Children in Jayapura City

Aprillia Susanti Maswatu — 2025-04-22

Study This titled Restitution in Criminal Cases Criminal Violence Child Sexual Abuse in Jayapura City. Violence sexual in children is problem serious affecting health physical , mental, and social aspects of the victims. Jayapura City, as capital Papua Province , experienced case violence sexual child increasing.Restitution is one of effort For give justice and compensation to the victims. Research This aiming For know How implementation restitution in case Action Criminal Violence Sexual Abuse in Children in Jayapura City, and what obstacles in Handling case act criminal violence sexual abuse in children in Jayapura City. Research This use method Normative Legal Research and Empirical Legal Research . Research law Normative use approach with method learn legislation , theories and related concepts with the problem that will be researched . While Empirical Legal Research is Legal Research that analyzes about implementation law in the reality to individuals , groups and institutions law . Data collected via:Interview with Judges and members Renakta who handles case and Observation directly in the field . Research results show that restitution given in the form of cash , the amount restitution requested from the victim and the victim's family is 65 million , the cases that came in 2024 were 5-6 cases , in court they operate in accordance with rule which are already valid . Submission time restitution in court range between 7 ( seven ) days If No there is a process of effort furthermore and in civil during the application period namely 14 days . The parties Renakta Polda hopes If the victim and the victim's family wants make report about case violence sexual in children must Already Certain with decision said , because the victim and the victim's party did not can to pull out report the with easy , don't Because just promised something or lured something from party perpetrator.

Analysis Legal About Action Criminal Fraud Thrifting

Verginia Adzraa Triantari — 2025-05-06

This study aims to determine and analyze the enforcement of criminal law in handling cases of second-hand clothing fraud (thrifting). Additionally, it seeks to identify and analyze the factors contributing to such fraudulent activities. This study employs a normative-empirical research method. It applies a literature review approach by examining various legal materials, which are categorized into primary legal materials, such as laws and regulations; secondary legal materials, including books, legal journals, and previous research related to this study; and tertiary legal materials, which serve as supplementary references. The findings of this study indicate that second-hand clothing fraud (thrifting) is regulated under Article 378 of the Criminal Code, which defines fraud as an act of deception or dishonesty for personal gain, punishable by up to four years of imprisonment. Online fraud is addressed in Article 28 of the ITE Law, while Article 47(1) of the Trade Law outlines criminal penalties for importers who illegally import used goods. The factors influencing second-hand clothing fraud (thrifting) include the lack of government supervision despite the many prohibitions on the import of second-hand clothing, as well as insufficient public awareness campaigns regarding the legal consequences of such fraud. Based on these findings, this study provides two key recommendations: first, buyers should verify the credibility of sellers before making a transaction and use a secure platform. second, local governments should raise public awareness about the risks of fraud and imported bans while also providing information about the health risks associated with used clothing.

Criminological Analysis Of Electronic Ticketing (ETLE)

Ade Rifkah Rafsanai — 2025-05-06

This study aims to identify and analyze the factors contributing to violations of Electronic Traffic Ticketing (ETLE) by road users within the jurisdiction of Polrestabes Makassar from a criminological perspective. An empirical juridical research approach is applied in this study. The research data is obtained from various sources, including but not limited to: in-depth interviews, surveys, observations, books, documents, relevant laws and regulations, and other written materials. The findings of this study indicate that the factors causing ETLE violations in the jurisdiction of Polrestabes Makassar are complex and involve multiple elements, such as individual awareness, social influence, infrastructure limitations, and technological weaknesses. A holistic approach is necessary to understand and address these issues, including public education, infrastructure improvements for ETLE, and advances in violation detection technology. The study recommends a holistic approach to addressing the causes of ETLE violations in the jurisdiction of Polrestabes Makassar. This includes enhancing public education, increasing the number of cameras in strategic locations, and developing more advanced detection technologies. Regular evaluations of ETLE implementation are essential to identify weaknesses and potential improvements, supported by routine training for officers and strengthening inter-agency collaboration. Furthermore, by recognizing and rewarding drivers who comply with traffic regulations, we can create safer and more orderly roads for everyone.

Review Criminology To Action Criminal Human Trafficking (TPPO)

Andi Muhammad Rheza Fahruddin — 2025-05-06

Study This to study review criminology to act criminal human trafficking (TPPO), as well as factors that become reason the occurrence abuse narcotics in women in Makassar City. The method used is study law empirical with approach regulation legislation and approaches case For analyze existing regulations as well as challenge in enforcement law . Research results show that TPPO can understood as complex crimes , involving various factor economic , social and network criminal organized . Enforcement law to practice This faced with factors like lack of coordination between institutions and the lack of understanding public about risk law . Research This recommend improvement education law for public as well as strengthening capacity apparatus enforcer law For handle TPPO cases in general more effective . Research conclusion This emphasize importance protection comprehensive law For prevent and eradicate TPPO in Indonesia.

Function Intelligence The District Attorney's Office in Revealing Action Criminal Corruption

Nurul Qalbi — 2025-05-06

This study aims to analyze the role and function of the Pinrang District Prosecutor's Intelligence in disclosing criminal acts of corruption and identifying the obstacles faced in this process. The approach used is an empirical approach with data collection methods through interviews and literature study. Interviews were conducted with the Head of the Intelligence Section, members of the Intel Prosecutor, as well as practicing legal advocates who have in-depth knowledge and understanding regarding the disclosure of criminal acts of corruption and the legal processes that apply in Indonesia. The literature study was carried out by studying relevant laws and regulations as well as other scientific works that discuss the role of the District Attorney's intelligence in disclosing criminal acts of corruption. The research results show that the disclosure process begins with public reports or internal findings received and continues with data collection and exposure involving the Head of the District Attorney's Office, Head of the Intelligence Section, and Head of the Special Crimes Section to determine the feasibility of the investigation. Obstacles faced include limited budget, facilities, and external pressure from certain parties. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the budget and supporting facilities as well as protection for investigators so that the law enforcement process runs optimally. To increase the effectiveness of disclosing corruption cases, it is recommended that there be an additional budget, facilitation of a team of experts, better coordination between institutions, as well as increased transparency and education for the public. The prosecutor's office is also expected to increase the training and capacity of officers to overcome challenges in disclosing criminal acts of corruption in accordance with applicable legal procedures.

Impact Social Samen Leven 's Actions in the Perspective of Bugis Community Customary Criminal Law Rules

Alifah Nurghina Salsabila — 2025-05-07

This research aims to know and understand the regulation of customary criminal law of the Bugis community against samen leven acts that violate customary norms and to know and understand the social impact on samen leven offenders in society. This research uses normative research methods, namely the type of research conducted by analyzing legal rules. This type of research is conducted by means of a literature study, namely by reading and analyzing written materials. The results show that customary criminal law still plays a role in upholding the norms of decency in society, especially in dealing with the phenomenon of samen leven . In Bugis society, the value of Siri'na Pacce reinforces the view that this behavior tarnishes honor and social balance, so customary sanctions are still applied even though national law has regulated it in the Criminal Law Code. In addition to being socially stigmatized, samen leven perpetrators also face impacts such as family disharmony and unclear child status. Therefore, customary law is still considered relevant in resolving cases culturally and maintaining social harmony in society. The recommendations of this research are 1. Socialization of the negative impact of samen leven and the importance of customary norms and laws need to be improved through education, media and communities so that the younger generation understands the consequences. 2. A policy that harmonizes customs and national laws is needed, so that the settlement of samen leven cases still consider cultural aspects, justice and protection for all parties.

Criminal Law Enforcement On the Role of Social Media in Cases of the Spread of Hoaxes and Slander

Nur Arika — 2025-05-07

This study aims to analyze the differences in legal treatment of hoax and defamation dissemination on social media compared to conventional media and to understand the role of social media in preventing the spread of false information. The research adopts an empirical juridical approach by conducting interviews with South Sulawesi Regional Police Crime Investigation Unit . The findings indicate differences in legal treatment based on the characteristics of both types of media, including variations in the sanctions imposed on perpetrators. On social media, preventive measures are carried out through public education, particularly targeting social media users, about the legal risks of spreading hoaxes. South Sulawesi Regional Police Crime Investigation Unit established the Cyber Patrol Task Force as part of its preventive and repressive strategies to tackle the issue

Accountability Criminal Fines in the Perspective of Indonesian Criminal Law

Sinar Indah Cahyaningsih — 2025-05-07

This research aims to determine and analyze Criminal Liability for Fines in the perspective of Criminal Law. This research was conducted with a normative-empirical type that uses primary legal materials or is a study by going directly to the location, namely at the Makassar Police and journals or references related to the research. The results of this study indicate that (1) Criminal liability for fines in the perspective of Indonesian criminal law generally follows what actions are carried out by the perpetrators of the crime and how much loss from the proceeds of their crime. One example of a drug dealer case where the amount of the fine is up to billions because drug distribution is very detrimental to drug abusers. This means that it is subjective in terms of the actions of the perpetrators of the crime. (2) The achievement of the objectives of criminal punishment against criminal fines has probably not been achieved due to several factors, namely the absence of real evidence of a deterrent effect obtained by the perpetrators of the crime, the amount of the fine given to the perpetrators of the crime is still subjective, and the fine is only an additional punishment, not the main punishment. The recommendation of this research is that law enforcers in criminal liability for a criminal act should be given a heavy fine, even if possible exceeding the loss caused to the victim so that there is a deterrent effect not to commit a criminal act and the fine should be the main punishment so that it can increase the deterrent effect on the perpetrator of the crime, because the purpose of the main punishment, for example imprisonment, is so that the perpetrator of the crime will no longer commit acts that harm people. Therefore, the fine should be made the main punishment and the amount of the fine must exceed the loss caused by the perpetrator

Legal Protection for Child Victims of Crime Sexual

Nanda Sahrani — 2025-05-07

The purpose of this study is to find out how to analyze legal protection efforts for child victims of sexual crimes as well as preventive efforts by the police in reducing the number of cases of child victims of sexual crimes in the South Sulawesi regional police. This research is included in the category of empirical legal research, where this research is carried out by accumulating data by direct interviews with the research object, which is supported by legal materials and using qualitative data analysis methods. The results of this study show that legal protection for children victims of sexual crimes in the South Sulawesi Regional Police has not been optimally implemented, although there are several efforts such as an empathetic reporting process, assistance by the police, and collaboration with LPSK, the establishment of a special unit, a sexual violence prevention program in schools, and a rehabilitation program, but these efforts have not gone well. Although there have been various preventive measures, cases of sexual violence against children are still high, indicating the need for increased education and more effective protection policies. The recommendations given by the author are that it is hoped that increased training of investigators to handle sexual crimes against children, strengthen collaboration with related institutions, and expand the socialization of children's rights, and regular monitoring of protection programs also needs to be carried out.

Understand Motivation Perpetrator Action Criminal Murder

Andi Putri Ramadhani — 2025-05-09

This study aims to determine and analyze the factors that influence the motivation of perpetrators of murder in Makassar Class I Penitentiary and how psychologists understand the motives behind the behavior of perpetrators of murder. This type of research is empirical legal research, namely research with field data as the main data source, such as interview results. The informants in this study were prisoners and forensic psychologists. The data collection method used literature studies and research by conducting interviews. The results of this study indicate that the factors causing the occurrence of murder are due to internal factors, namely unstable emotional factors, psychology, revenge. External factors are caused by environmental factors, socialization, and economics. The way psychologists understand the motives of perpetrators of murder is by taking a psychological approach and working with law enforcement officers in order to make better decisions based on information provided by psychologists. The recommendation of this research is that prisoners who have been sentenced to prison are expected to use this as a learning experience and be able to control themselves, and also be grateful for what Allah has given, because Allah will not test his servants beyond their capabilities and also forensic psychologists to pay more attention and develop rehabilitation programs for perpetrators of murder.