(untitled) (LEGAL DIALOGICA, 2026)
Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan hukum pidana Indonesia dalam memberikan perlindungan terhadap korban tindak pidana rasisme melalui media sosial serta menilai efektivitas perlindungan hukum tersebut dalam praktik penegakan hukum. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kendala yang dihadapi dalam implementasi perlindungan hukum pidana serta merumuskan upaya penguatan perlindungan terhadap korban. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, kasus, dan konseptual. Bahan hukum primer meliputi Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2024, Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2008, Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023, serta KUHP, yang didukung bahan hukum sekunder dan tersier. Analisis dilakukan secara kualitatif melalui penafsiran norma hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara normatif telah tersedia perlindungan preventif dan represif terhadap korban rasisme di ruang digital. Namun, implementasinya masih menghadapi kendala seperti anonimitas pelaku, kesulitan pembuktian digital, rendahnya literasi hukum masyarakat, serta belum optimalnya pemulihan psikologis dan sosial korban. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan regulasi yang lebih komprehensif dan tegas terkait rasisme di ruang digital, peningkatan kapasitas aparat penegak hukum dalam penanganan kejahatan berbasis teknologi informasi, optimalisasi peran LPSK dalam pendampingan dan rehabilitasi korban, peningkatan literasi digital masyarakat, serta kerja sama yang lebih efektif antara pemerintah dan platform media sosial untuk mempercepat pencegahan dan penindakan terhadap konten rasis. Abstract: This study aims to analyze the regulation of Indonesian criminal law in providing protection for victims of racism through social media and to assess the effectiveness of such legal protection in law enforcement practices. This research also aims to identify the obstacles faced in the implementation of criminal law protection and to formulate efforts to strengthen protection for victims. The method used is normative legal research with statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. Primary legal materials include Law Number 1 of 2024, Law Number 40 of 2008, Law Number 1 of 2023, and the Criminal Code (KUHP), supported by secondary and tertiary legal materials. The analysis was conducted qualitatively through the interpretation of legal norms. The results show that, normatively, both preventive and repressive protections for victims of racism in the digital space have been established. However, their implementation still faces several challenges, such as the anonymity of perpetrators, difficulties in digital evidence, low public legal literacy, and the lack of optimal psychological and social recovery for victims. This study recommends strengthening more comprehensive and strict regulations related to racism in the digital space, improving the capacity of law enforcement officials in handling technology-based crimes, optimizing the role of the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK) in assisting and rehabilitating victims, increasing public digital literacy, and establishing more effective cooperation between the government and social media platforms to accelerate the prevention and enforcement against racist content.