Penegakan Hukum terhadap Penipuan Digital Antara Ketersediaan Regulasi dan Keterbatasan Implementasi

Abstract

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara yuridis bagaimana aparat kepolisian menerapkan hukum dalam upaya mencegah meningkatnya kasus penipuan digital, serta untuk mengetahui kendala yang dihadapi oleh aparat penegak hukum dalam proses penelusuran pelaku penipuan digital. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian empiris dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi lapangan yang dilakukan di Polrestabes Makassar. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui wawancara dan studi kepustakaan, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deduktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya penelusuran pelaku penipuan digital telah dilakukan sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku, yaitu KUHAP, KUHP, dan Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE) melalui tahapan penyelidikan dan penyidikan. Namun demikian, dalam praktiknya masih terdapat beberapa kendala, antara lain kesulitan dalam mengidentifikasi pelaku, jejak digital yang mudah dihapus, penggunaan rekening bank dan nomor telepon yang tidak sesuai dengan identitas pelaku, serta kesulitan dalam pembuktian dokumen elektronik. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan kapasitas forensik digital, sarana dan prasarana penyidikan, serta penguatan regulasi teknis agar penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana penipuan digital dapat berjalan lebih efektif.

Abstract: This thesis was supervised by Mr. Kamal Hidjaz as the principal supervisor and Anzar Mahakkuasa as the co-supervisor. This study aims to examine, from a juridical perspective, how the police apply the law in efforts to prevent the increasing number of digital fraud cases, as well as to identify the obstacles faced by law enforcement authorities in the process of tracing the perpetrators. This research is an empirical study using a field study approach conducted at Polrestabes Makassar. The research data were obtained through interviews and literature studies, and were then analyzed qualitatively using a deductive method. The results of the study indicate that efforts to trace perpetrators of digital fraud have been carried out in accordance with the applicable legal provisions, namely the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), the Criminal Code (KUHP), and the Law on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law) through the stages of inquiry and investigation. However, in practice, several obstacles still occur, including difficulties in identifying perpetrators, digital traces that can easily be deleted, the use of bank accounts and telephone numbers that do not correspond to the perpetrators’ identities, and difficulties in proving electronic documents. Therefore, it is necessary to improve digital forensic capacity, investigative facilities and infrastructure, and technical regulatory frameworks so that law enforcement against digital fraud crimes can be carried out more effectively.