Criminological Analysis Of Electronic Ticketing (ETLE)

Abstrak

This study aims to identify and analyze the factors contributing to violations of Electronic Traffic Ticketing (ETLE) by road users within the jurisdiction of Polrestabes Makassar from a criminological perspective. An empirical juridical research approach is applied in this study. The research data is obtained from various sources, including but not limited to: in-depth interviews, surveys, observations, books, documents, relevant laws and regulations, and other written materials. The findings of this study indicate that the factors causing ETLE violations in the jurisdiction of Polrestabes Makassar are complex and involve multiple elements, such as individual awareness, social influence, infrastructure limitations, and technological weaknesses. A holistic approach is necessary to understand and address these issues, including public education, infrastructure improvements for ETLE, and advances in violation detection technology. The study recommends a holistic approach to addressing the causes of ETLE violations in the jurisdiction of Polrestabes Makassar. This includes enhancing public education, increasing the number of cameras in strategic locations, and developing more advanced detection technologies. Regular evaluations of ETLE implementation are essential to identify weaknesses and potential improvements, supported by routine training for officers and strengthening inter-agency collaboration. Furthermore, by recognizing and rewarding drivers who comply with traffic regulations, we can create safer and more orderly roads for everyone.

INTRODUCTION

Amount Indonesia's population is increasing with fast , and along with that , the amount user vehicles also increased . With motorcycle as​ fashion transportation main for almost 85% of houses stairs , Indonesia occupies ranking third in the world in matter amount user vehicle motorized . Transportation , both public and personal , very important for activity public Because mobility those who are increasingly increased . Many violations Then traffic and accidents on the road raya Because the amount transportation used in the environment Many things , including​ factor man or human factors, vehicles , environment around , and conditions the road , which can cause accident . [1] Condition driver ( sick , tired , use of drugs , carelessness , use alcohol , experience , etc. ) is example factor human . Field transportation road and law Then cross still very lacking developing ; needed more Lots study about Topic This For increase quality and quantity with objective reduce violation Then cross . [2] Violation criminal certain covers violation regulation Then cross , such as No be on the designated track or drive more fast from the posted speed limit . Injury serious about users another way is element general from crime this , and the offender face consequence severe law . Increase​ safety road and compliance to law need understanding comprehensive about consequence violation Constitution Then cross-border and strict enforcement . [ 3 ]

In the Qur'an Surah An- Naml (27) Verses 17-18. Translation . “And for Solomon it was gathered disaster his army from jinn , humans and birds , then they line up with orderly .” “ Until when they arrive at the valley Ants , say one Ants : Oh ants ! Come in! to in your nests , so that you No stepped on by Solomon and his army his army , while they No realize .” [4]

That second part the tell about incident Then cross in a way No direct is implied meaning​ in paragraph said . Wise words about Then orderly and smooth traffic​​​ Solomon's troops are there in the Koran. People should follow established principles and ethics​ in part the when they drive . Take action firm to violation Then cross without except For influence behavior driver in passed cross and improve safety Then cross . Height number accident Then cross part due to the height number violation Then cross . Without enforcement consistent law , regulations​ Then designed cross​ with Good No will useful . So that the law Then cross , such as “ Act Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation (LLAJ Law)," can effective , user road and then cross hold role important and strategic . As part from the mandate outlined in the " 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia ", efforts For advance welfare general , then traffic and transportation road hold role important in support integration and development national . All interested party​ in sector Then traffic and transportation road Work The same For develop it . [5]

Remember importance Then cross , then must come true things the following : security , safety , order and smoothness Then traffic ( Kamseltibcarlantas ). Enforcement proper law​ in environment function Then cross must increase awareness passed cross and give consequence for those who violate . Police Then cross need knowledge about regulation Then cross and enforcement uniform rules . So that Kamseltibcarlantas can realized , enforcer law Then cross must act in a way professional . [6] Uphold sanctions violation Then cross with immediately and not do extortion or​ extortion is form professionalism . In order for enforcement law walk effective and behavioral deviate apparatus police can prevented , then technology information become absolute thing​ required . In addition , the room monitor screen certain can accept CCTV feed , so that personnel police can with easy supervise condition Then cross . In order for the recording from CCTV can used as evidence that can be reliable If happen act crime , gadgets camera provide videos that can seen in a way directly . Airports, banks, businesses , hotels, and even House personal generally own CCTV system installed For optimal security and easy monitoring , in addition to traffic areas cross . [7]

Technology information Alone defined as method For acquisition , organization , storage , processing , dissemination , announcement , and analysis of data. In today's world this , where IT penetrates every aspect life human , its impact comparable with revolution previously . The ETLE (Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement) system that uses technology recording violation Then cross in a way electronic is one of innovation service public based on technology in the field Then cross in the era of technology industry 4.0. So that ETLE can walk , then ability Human Resources ( HR ) must connected with system information integrated policing . The police face problem new with increasing amount violation Then cross : how apply sanctions that give lesson to driver at a time make they deterrent violate law . Using sanctions administrative , such as letter a ticket issued by the police is one of the method For reduce violation . [8]

As form non-compliance to regulation Then cross , especially on the road highway , violation Then cross including in scope law criminal as stated​ in " Law No. 14 of 1992", therefore that , giving letter traffic ticket functioning as deterrent to violation said . When people with on purpose No obey law , they do action oppose law . However , during this , bureaucrat government and police has divert system traffic ticket For each other compromise and advance interest they alone outside​ the proper path . [ 9] Bribery is common things​ happen in operation Then cross , and things This Already known general . That's it the reason The Republic of Indonesia National Police has introduce method the new one called Electronic Ticketing , also known as as ETLE. Launch traffic ticket electronic in a way national in Indonesia takes place on December 6 2017. Expected will There is more A little extortion and bribery between police and drivers blessing approach this . [10]

In order to follow development of the times, police must master IT (Information Technology) with well , as in other countries that have implementing E- ticketing . System This use device electronic For monitor and enforce law Then cross , with tool Supporter such as CCTV. Policy replacement system manual ticketing with system electronic is replace use traffic ticket empty with officer - controlled application​ the police who will record the driver who violates the law system . After record , rider will quick accept message code that resembles letter ticket and contains instruction method pay fine using BRI. With use traffic ticket electronics , violators can direct pay the fine to the bank with use available means , such as e -banking, ATMs, or even only with come to the teller in person directly . In addition , the driver must also pay fine maximum specified​ in chapter violation . [10]

The officer who gave traffic ticket will accept notification on his phone If offender has pay fine through BRI Bank. With show proof payment from BRI Bank or pick it up at the place listed in notification , violator can take return letter or confiscated vehicles​ officer . It is expected use traffic ticket electronic in a way mechanical can effective in press level violation Then cross . System This allow enforcement more laws​ efficient and accurate to rule Then cross , thanks to automated and standardized processes . The existence of traffic ticket electronic expected capable increase deterrence​ for the violators , because every violation recorded with clear and can quick processed . In addition , it is expected implementation traffic ticket electronic This can create condition more driving​ safe on the road raya , with inspiring user road For more obedient to rules and reduce behavior risky . Aspects change Police Precision ( Predictive , Responsive , Transparency Fairness ) which is explained and practiced including ETLE .​ For realize service excellent policing is needed utilization technology information and communication . [11]

Increase progress technology become tools that can operate task Indonesian National Police with more Good is objective important . Using camera that records direct For take action offender Then cross , ETLE is system enforcement law Then cross IT based . In an effort press amount person related extortion involved​ in enforcement law Then cross and improve discipline driving in society , police has do breakthrough significant with the introduction of ETLE. In addition to encouraging performance enforcer more laws​ good . According to data from the Makassar City Transportation Agency , the number of vehicle motorized increase by 10% each the year . [12] Happen improvement violation Then traffic and congestion Because development infrastructure road No to balance growth said . Violation like break through light red , violate mark road , and use the path that is not should become view common in the city This . Makassar City Police have take step innovative with implementing “Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement” or abbreviated become "ETLE" which is a strategy for grow discipline passed cross and enforce law in a way more effective . ETLE allows action violation Then cross in a way automatic without interaction direct between officers and violators , which is expected can reduce practice bribe and increase transparency .

Although Thus , the implementation of ETLE in Makassar City has not yet been fully optimized. Based on internal report from the Police Headquarters , there is improvement violation Then cross by 5% after six month implementation of ETLE. This is show that technology just No Enough For overcome problem complex in enforcement law Then cross . Factors like lack of socialization , obstacles technical , and resistance from public become obstacle in implementation system this . Besides that , still there is gap study about effectiveness implementation of ETLE in cities large part of Indonesia, especially in Makassar. Most of studies previously more focus on aspects technical and less highlight factor social and legal influences​ success system this . [13]

Based on description above , research​ This become important For to study in a way deep How implementation of ETLE in violation Then cross at Makassar City Police Headquarters and identify inhibiting factors​ implementation . Research results This expected can give contribution real in repair system enforcement law Then cross based on technology in Indonesia.

METHOD

Study This use method legal empirical with approach qualitative descriptive For understand phenomenon social related implementation of CCTV -based ETLE in context law . Research This collect primary and secondary data through studies documents , literature , observation field , and interview in depth . Research location located at the Makassar City Police Headquarters , which is institution enforcer the law that applies CCTV- based ETLE system . [14] Population study covers officer Then crossing at Makassar Police Headquarters and the community user road , with selected samples​ use purposive sampling technique , namely two officers Then cross and two communities that once involved direct in ETLE implementation . Types of data collected consists of from primary and secondary data . Primary data is obtained through interview deep with officer police from Traffic Unit IT Unit and society , distribution questionnaire to user road , observation directly in the field , and documentation related implementation of ETLE. While that , secondary data obtained from document official , literature , journals , and regulation legislation , such as Constitution Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation and Regulation Government Number 80 of 2012. Data analysis was carried out in a way qualitative through stages data reduction , data presentation , and extraction conclusion with refers to the framework relevant theories and regulations . [15 ]

DISCUSSION

Factors​ Reason The occurrence Violation Electronic Ticketing in the Makassar Police Jurisdiction

Implementation Electronic Ticketing (ETLE) in the jurisdiction Makassar Police have show significant development​ in enforcement law Then cross . However , the success implementation system This Still face various challenges , including factors that cause the occurrence violation . Based on results interview with Mr. EKO PRASETYO as BA Operator ETLE as resource person and through analysis questionnaire , factors reason the can classified become a number of category following .

Individual Factors

One of reason main violation is lack of awareness law community . Many users the path that is not understand importance comply rule Then cross , good For protect safety self Alone nor anyone else. Mr Eko Praestyo stated , “Most of offender No understand that rule Then cross made For safety they alone , not only For avoid fines .” Lack of knowledge This cause public often violate​ rule with reason efficiency time or ignorance .

In addition , the need economy also becomes the reason behind violations . Some user road tend violate rules for saving time and cost , for example with oppose current For reach location objective more fast . Phenomenon This often seen during rush hour , especially in the area dense urban​ Then cross .

Environmental Factors Social

Influence habit collective in society participate contribute to the height level violation Then cross . Habits violate rule often considered​ it's a natural thing , so Lots user road No feel need comply regulations . This is exacerbated by the lack of pressure social For follow rule Then cross . "We still often see other drivers violate without consequence directly , so that violation considered normal just ," he said. source person .

In addition , the lack of education and socialization regarding ETLE also becomes reason main . The socialization carried out Not yet reach all over layer society , so that Still Lots user the path that is not understand location ETLE camera , type monitored violations , and procedures payment fines . Most of them Respondent the questionnaire also shows that ETLE socialization is felt not enough effective .

Structural Factors

In terms of infrastructure , number limited ETLE camera be one of constraint significant . ETLE camera when This only installed in several point strategic , so that Lots offenders who can avoid location monitoring . This is in accordance with statement Source : “ETLE cameras are still limited the amount , so that No all past areas cross monitored with Good ."

In addition , the constraints technical also often happens , like disturbance inhibiting network​ validation violation in a way fast and accurate . Disturbance This cause a number of violation No quick followed up , so that reduce effectiveness ETLE system .

Technology Factors

Existing ETLE system moment This Still own weakness in detection violation certain . Some offender try to deceive system with using number plate false or close some number plates vehicle they . Resource person revealed , "There are violators who deliberately close some number plates For avoid recorded by the ETLE camera .” Phenomenon This show existence gap technology needed​ quick fixed .

Analysis Impact Criminology

From the perspective criminology , phenomenon violation This can analyzed use a number of theory :

Rational Choice Theory

Offenders Possible consider profit violate rule compared to risk caught sanctions . For example , against current For save time although know risk caught by ETLE camera .

Broken Windows Theory

When the violation small left alone without strict sanctions , more violations​​ big tend happened . This is can lower level trust public to system law .

Makassar Police's Efforts to Prevent and Overcome Violation Electronic Ticketing By Road Users

Implementation Electronic Ticketing (ETLE) in the jurisdiction Makassar Police Headquarters does not only aiming For to uphold law Then cross , but also for create change culture passed more cross​ discipline . [16] In order to reach objective said , Makassar Police have do various effort For prevent and overcome ETLE violations committed by users road . Here is steps strategic that has taken :

Improvement Infrastructure and Technology

One of step The main thing carried out by the Makassar Police is increase supporting infrastructure and technology​ ETLE operations . Addition amount CCTV cameras at points strategic become priority main so that the monitoring area can expanded . This is aiming For increase effectiveness detection road violation​ Raya . Resource Person stated , “We are still need more Lots cameras at locations vulnerable violation For ensure all offender can monitored in a way maximum .”

Apart from that , Makassar Police are also trying develop technology more detection​ advanced For overcome effort fraud , such as use of license plates false or number plate closure vehicle . Support to strengthening network and system ETLE operations also become priority For minimize disturbance technical that during This often happen .

Education and Socialization to the Community

Makassar Police understands that the success of ETLE is not only relies on technology , but also on understanding society . Therefore that , socialization become component important in effort prevention violations . Socialization done through various media, such as social media (Instagram @satlantaspolrestabesmakassar), mass media , and counseling directly in the community . "We routinely provide outreach in schools and communities For explain the importance of ETLE and how system This work , " said one source person .

In addition , the campaign intensive about ETLE benefits and applicable sanctions expected can increase awareness public about importance comply rule Then cross . Training and Development Capacity Officers . Makassar Police also provided attention specifically on improvement capacity officer in operate ETLE system . Regular training is held For ensure officer understand method Work technology used , incl​ in matter data breach validation and management system . Training this also includes introduction about solution to constraint technically possible​ happened . Related workshops monitoring violation based on technology also becomes part from the development program capacity officers , who aim to For increase quality supervision and enforcement law .

Additional Patrols and Law Enforcement . To complete ETLE monitoring , Makassar Police continue depend on patrol on site vulnerable violations , especially in areas that have not been reachable by ETLE camera . Patrol This done regularly for​ ensure that violation Then cross can minimized in a way directly . “We put officers at intersections who often happen violation For give effect deterrent ," he explained. Source person .

In addition , strengthening Routine patrols also aim For provide a sense of security to user the way and make sure smoothness current Then cross . Cooperation with Agency Related . In support of the success of ETLE, Makassar Police establish cooperation with the Department of Transportation For ensure ETLE infrastructure , such as CCTV cameras and networks , can functioning with good . Synergy this also includes effort maintenance and development system to be more efficient . Collaboration with other institutions , including school and community society , also carried out For support educational programs . This is aiming For build culture passed more cross​ discipline in society.

CONCLUSION

Causative factor violation traffic ticket electronics in the jurisdiction Makassar Police are complex and involving various elements , such as awareness individual , influence social , limitations infrastructure , and weaknesses technology . Approach holistic required For understand and handle problem this , including through education society , improvement ETLE infrastructure , and development technology detection violations . Various The efforts made by the Makassar Police show strong commitment​ in to uphold law Then cross via ETLE. With improvement infrastructure , education community , training officers , routine patrols , and cooperation cross agency , it is expected violation Then cross can minimized in a way significant . Steps This No only increase effectiveness of ETLE, but also creates environment Then more cross​ safe and orderly .

Referensi

1. M. F. Ramadhan, A. Asis, and A. M. Muin, “Law Enforcement Of The Crime Of Illegal Fishing In The Waters Area Of Pangkajene Regency And The Islands,” vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 1904–1909, 2022, doi: 10.35335/legal.
2. Nuzul Fajrin and M. Fauzi Ramadhan, “Tinjauan Yuridis Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan Atas Dasar Membela Diri,” Qawanin J. Ilmu Huk., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 48–59, 2024, doi: 10.56087/qawaninjih.v4i1.390.
3. M. F. Ramadhan, “Legal Review of Action Criminal Exploitation of Street Children at Crossroads in the Name of Beggars,” vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 1–7, 2025.
4. M. Irsad and S. PD, “Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Islam dalam Pemikiran Sunan Kalijaga serta Kontribusinya terhadap Pengembangan Pendidikan Islam,” 2015, [Online]. Available: https://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/17639/
5. Wetmen Sinaga, “Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Hak Dan Kepentingan Pemegang Polis Asuransi,” J. Huk. to-ra Huk. Untuk Mengatur dan Melindungi Masy., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 341–356, 2022, doi: 10.55809/tora.v8i3.161.
6. F. S. Rahayu, “Menyembuhkan Atau Semakin Melukai: Perkembangan Teknologi Transportasiumum Jalan Raya,” J. Sist. Inf., vol. 8, no. 1, p. 22, 2013.
7. A. M. Reza, R. Renggong, and B. Madiong, “Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Penyalahgunaan Izin Tinggal Orang Asing Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2011 Tentang Keimigrasian,” Indones. J. Leg. Law, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 123–128, 2021, doi: 10.35965/ijlf.v3i2.641.
8. R. R. Battaje and D. Panda, “Lessons from bacterial homolog of tubulin, FtsZ for microtubule dynamics,” Endocr. Relat. Cancer, vol. 24, no. 9, pp. T1–T21, 2017, doi: 10.1530/ERC-17-0118.
9. Ramly O. Sasambe, “KAJIAN TERHADAP PENYELESAIAN PELANGGARAN PERATURAN LALU LINTAS OLEH KEPOLISIAN,” Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., vol. 85, no. 1, p. 6, 2016.
10. F. Rakhmani, “Kepatuhan Remaja Dalam Berlalu Lintas,” J. S-1 Ilmu Sosiatri, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2013.
11. A. R. Sumampow, “Penegakan Hukum Dalam Mewujudkan Ketaatan Berlalu Lintas,” Lex Crim., vol. II, no. 7, pp. 63–73, 2013.
12. T. H. Nurgiansah and T. M. Widyastuti, “MEMBANGUN KESADARAN HUKUM MAHASISWA PPKn UPY DALAM BERLALU LINTAS,” J. Pendidik. Kewarganegaraan, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 2580–0086, 2019.
13. M. Magister et al., “Abstrak Untuk mencapai sebuah proses tilang yang relevan maka perlu adanya sebuah sistem informasi yang didukung oleh sebuah perangkat lunak berbasis jaringan atau website yang memungkinkan penyebaran informasi kepada setiap anggota kepolisian secara,” Huk. Khaira Ummah, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 754–766, 2017.
14. N. Qamar et al., “Metode Penelitian Hukum (Legal Research Methods),” no. December, p. 176, 2017.
15. F. S. R. Nurul Qamar, Metode Penelitian Hukum: Doktrinal dan Non-Doktrinal, vol. 11, no. 1. 2020.
16. A. B. Amrus, I. Abbas, and H. Djanggih, “Efektivitas Penerapan Pidana Denda Terhadap Pelanggaran Lalu Lintas,” Toddopuli Law Rev., vol. 1, no. 1, 2021, [Online]. Available: http://jurnal.ahmar.id/index.php/toddopuli